Seleção de fungos filamentosos de solos da Amazônia para controle biológico de larvas e adultos de Aedes aegypti L, vetor dos vírus da dengue, chikungunya e zika

Abstract

The use of chemical insecticides becomes important in Aedes aegypti control programs. Over the years, epidemiological studies have demonstrated the inefficiency of synthetic insecticides due to the resistance acquired with the use in activities related to vector control in tropical diseases, especially dengue. For a better effectiveness of vector control programs, the search for new alternatives is necessary. The interest in entomopathogenic fungi for biological control is in great growth. However, the work on controlling the different stages of life of A. aegypti and the transmission of mycoses between individuals and their offspring are still discrete. In order to contribute with new compounds and integrated control of dengue, the present project aims to evaluate the entomopathogenic activity of fungi isolated from Amazonian soil in larvae and adults of A. aegypti, and their residual effects on the life cycle considering the number of eggs and larvae and adults. The proposed methodology for this work is the use of conidia of fungal isolates previously selected by genera that have relevance in biological control or that demonstrate positive results when used in probe / sorting insects, Tenebrio molitor. For the application of the formulations conidia were used in aqueous suspensions for treatment in larvae, and for adults was used aqueous suspensions impregnated in filter paper placed in Kit of the World Health Organization used to evaluate the susceptibility of chemical insecticide. The present work proposes a practical methodology for sexing and separating adults through the selection of pupae, in order to evaluate the degree of infestation and the entomopathogenic effect on larvae and adults of A. aegypti. avoiding the premature death of the insect by the use of Castro's catcher at the time of adult withdrawal from the colony. The results obtained evidenced the potential of four fungal isolates IPC 2.1 and IPS 3.1 isolated from Amazonian soil, and two other isolates from other insects and from soil samples IBCB 66 and IBCB 425, widely used to control insects in agriculture, and evaluated for the control of larvae and adults of the mosquito vector dengue. The results between the two methodologies showed the best applicability for the fungal isolates and their use in the control of A. aegypti, responsible for a great social impact on the public health of the Amazon due to the transmission of several arboviruses.