Obtenção e caracterização de um material compósito produzido com resíduos da castanha-do-brasil e poliestireno de alto impacto

Abstract

The study deals with the use of lignocellulosic residues consisting of Brazil nut (Bertholletia Excelsa) seed husk, used as reinforcement / filler in high impact polystyrene matrix (HIPS) polymer composites. Waste collection was used as reinforcement and polymer used as a matrix through donation. With this, he began to prepare the specimens of new compound, which was produced by means of plastic injection process with proportions of 0%, 2.5% and 5% load. He then performed the mechanical exposure test and his fractures were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Optical Microscopy (MO). Characterization techniques such as X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and FTIR (Fourier Transformless Infrared Spectroscopy), DSC (Differential Exploratory Calorimetry) and TGA (Thermogravimetric Analysis) analysis and its DTGA derivative were performed. The specimens were analyzed in relation to their mechanical behavior under thermal analysis test and based on the DSC analysis, being real with experiments and with virtual form by the finite element method (FEA). It was possible to verify in the best results of the properties of the new high impact polystyrene compound and Brazil nut shells when compared to the pure HIPS. As the properties that underwent changes were mechanical, after the exposure test, the insulation voltage of the higher load compound increased by approximately 37%, in addition to the resistance of the increase of approximately 52% when compared to the 5% load compound. the pure HIPS. Since the thermal properties changed slightly with respect to its temperature Tg (transition temperature) for the compound with 2.5% increase there was an increase of 0.27% while for the 5% there was no change in relation to the temperature. tidy polymer. Thus, the use of Brazil nut crop residues as a filler of polymeric matrix compounds is a beneficial way for the environment due to the removal and reuse of lost residues, as well as promising new research in Materials Science and Engineering.