Indicadores de segurança e eficácia do extrato de guaraná e castanha do Brasil transportados em nanopartículas de coenzima Q10: evidências de células imunes humanas e de minhocas vermelhas

Abstract

Introduction: Aging are associated with chronic oxidative and inflammatory states, that potentially could be attenuated by consumption of supplements with new technologies based on Amazonian biodiversity. Aim: the present investigation described and characterized a nano supplement based on coenzyme Q10 containing guarana (Paullinia cupana) and Brazil nuts (Bertholetia excelsa) (G-NUT), with potential use for mitigating oxy-inflammatory conditions. Methods: O G-NUT was obtained by emulsification technique. Nanosupplement was produced at 1:1 ratio of guaraná powder, Brazil nut oil and 10% CoQ10, and chemically characterized by high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) method. Additional in vitro and in vivo assays that tested safety and functional markers of G-NUT on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) cultures and in immune cells (coelomocytes) of Californian red earthworms (Eisenia fetida). The tested concentrations of G-Nut and the free supplement in cell culture were in the range of 0.25–3 mg/mL. Results: G-NUT was obtained containing theobromine, theophylline, caffeine, selenium and coenzyme Q10 as main bioactive molecules. G-NUT did not induce cytotoxic events on PBMC cells, triggering down-regulation in the expression of apoptotic (Caspases 3 and 8) genes, reduction in lipid and protein oxidation levels and lowering effect on levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In the red worm model, G-NUT did not cause mortality inducing more efficient immune response when coelomocytes were exposed a dead yeast. Conclusion: G-NUT nanotechnological provided a better response than the free formula supplement, and both are safe to begin testing in humans.