Fatores associados à malária em populações indígenas, Amazonas (2007 A 2016)

Abstract

Objective: Identify factors associated with malaria in indigenous populations. Methods: Data referring to cases from the state of Amazonas, Brazil were obtained from the Epidemiological Surveillance Information System for Malaria and from the Mortality Information System. In the analysis, the notification years formed a period from 2007 to 2016. The cases were classified according to the probable location where infection occurred. For ordinal variables, the chi-square trend test was performed. For multivariate analysis, stepwise logistic regression was used. Results: A total of 1,055,852 cases of malaria were notified in the state of Amazonas, from 2007 to 2016. This state has the highest proportion of indigenous peoples and malaria in Brazil. Among the factors that associate malaria and indigenous peoples, the most significant were male sex, people under 40 years of age and high levels of parasitemia. The magnitude of P. vivax infection is higher than P. falciparum. In regards to mortality, 109 deaths were registered. Conclusion: Malaria in indigenous populations differs from that in non-indigenous populations owing to their lifestyle and behavior and affects younger age groups. The indigenous groups inhabit places where access is difficult and where there are limited health facilities. The municipalities on the frontier which have larger indigenous populations have a higher percentage of cases of malaria.