Emergências ambientais da Agricultura Familiar na Amazônia

Abstract

The cultural system of the family farmers of Parana do Limão in the municipality of Parintins interacts in a dialectical process with the dynamics of the várzeas ecosystems constituent of their place of life, leading to reorganizing emergencies of the conservation of these ecosystems and reconstructors of the cultural system of these farmers. However, the insertion of family farmers in the market led to other emergencies that progressively and vehemently promote ruptures in this interaction process. The objective of this study was to analyze emergencies that promoted the ruptures in the market development of the productive organization of farmers and their cultural system. In order to do so, we sought to describe the Paraná do Lemon as the place of life of family farmers characterizing their processes and techniques of work in horticultural production, as well as describing their process of insertion and relationship with the market. The study was carried out with family farmers of the communities Nossa Senhora de Nazaré and São José Operário do Paraná do Limão, rural area of the municipality of Parintins, AM. The theoretical approach was based on the systemic complexity paradigm in Morin, having as a methodological strategy the plan of intervention of the field research modeled in the case study that served as guide in the execution of the intervention stages. It has been pointed out that emergencies arising from relations between farmers and the market, progressively and veiled, promote ruptures in the interaction process between the family farmers and the floodplain ecosystems, being configured in the market advance on the productive organization of these farmers and in their cultural system. However, it has also been found that the dimensions of the productive organization of these farmers and of their cultural system have become barriers to this advance. It was concluded that even with the advancement of the market, the farmers of the communities Nossa Senhora de Nazaré and São José Operário still organize their lives by subjecting the economic system to their cultural system, and these to the ecosystems of floodplains. The market wants to make the inversion by subjecting the floodplain ecosystems and the cultural system of the farmers to the economic system. If this occurs, the whole biotope of Lemon Parana may suffer the same consequences of the Aral Sea in Uzbekistan; of the Atlantic Forest in Brazil; and the forests around Beijing in China.