Desigualdades sociais contextuais e individuais e não uso de serviços odontológicos por adultos de meia idade: análise multinível

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between contextual and individual social inequalities and non-use of dental services for adults in the capitals of Brazil and the Federal District - DF, from the National Survey of Oral Health – (SB Brazil 2010). We used data from the SB-Brazil in 2010 at the age from 35 to 44 years of state and the Federal District with complete data (n = 6.662). The outcome non-use of dental services was measured by the question " Sometime in life you've ever been to the dentist?”. The independent variables were the contextual social indicators Municipal Human Development Index (HDI), income inequality (Gini index), coverage of oral health teams of the Family Health Strategy (ESB / ESF), water fluoridation, and individual data such as gender, skin color / race, socioeconomic characteristics (years of schooling, family income, number of residents per room), clinical measures of oral health (DMFT, periodontal status, need of prosthesis) and measures of perceived oral health. Multivariable models to estimate odds ratios (OR) and confidence intervals of 95% (CI95%) between contextual and individual variables and non-use of dental services multilevel logistic regression were estimated. The prevalence of non-use of dental services for adults in Brazil was 5% (95% CI: 3.1 to 7.8). The IDHM income in the lowest tertile had a significant association with non-use of dental services (OR 3.64, 95% CI 1.32 to 10.03). Among the individual variables, low income, male sex (OR = 1.35, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.69) were associated with the outcome as well as black brown skin that showed a protective effect (OR = 0.56, 95% CI 0.44 to 0.73) to never have used dental services. The results suggest that the non-utilization of dental services by the adult population in Brazil is influenced by social inequalities (IDHM income) and individual aspects including gender, income and education.