Gestão e cuidado da obesidade pelas equipes de Atenção Primária: Uma descrição dos municípios do Amazonas

Abstract

Introduction: Obesity has become a public health problem in both developed and developing countries. The effective fight against obesity in the sphere of public health services requires progress in the processes applied in the care provided by professionals. In this way, the organization of intra and intersectoral actions and deliberations that aspire to the promotion of comprehensive care reflect one of the essential measures to guarantee effective care. Objective: To identify and describe obesity management actions within the scope of the Unified Health System in municipalities in the State of Amazonas. Methodology: To respond to the objectives of this project, two types of study were carried out, an ecological, retrospective study, based on secondary data from the period 2012 to 2021, considering the information in 9 municipalities pole (Carauari, Itacoatiara, Manacapuru, Manaus, Parintins, Tabatinga, Tefé, Lábrea and Humaitá) of the 9 regional health units in the state of Amazonas, and a census, descriptive and quantitative study carried out in 9 municipalities pole of the 9 regional health units in the state of Amazonas. Results: The ecological study showed that in 2021 the municipality of the Rio Purus region had the highest prevalence of obesity in children aged 0 to 4 years, while in children aged 5 to 10 years this occurred in the Manaus region, Alto Rio Negro e Entorno region. Adolescents from the Baixo Amazonas and Rio Madeira regions were the ones with the highest prevalence of obesity, and the Manaus region, Alto Rio Negro e Entorno region showed the highest prevalence of obesity in adults and the elderly. The primary data study pointed out that, for managers, the municipalities with the best results in relation to obesity management were the hub municipalities in the Rio Negro and Solimões, Juruá and Triângulo regions. Even so, the managers classified the care as insufficient. In the analysis of the professionals of the Primary Care teams, the management of obesity that had the best classification was the municipality of the Juruá Region, which obtained an incipient classification, and the worst classification was that of the municipality of the Alto Solimões Region, considered critical. The professionals from the NASF/Multiprofessional teams also gave the highest score to the municipality in the Juruá Region, and the worst performance was for the municipality of Humaitá, in the Madeira Region. Conclusion: All results demonstrate weaknesses and require attention, especially with regard to structure, work process and care management.