Caracterização dos solos nos aningais entre os municípios de Iranduba e Coari

Abstract

Knowing the natural vegetation and its relationship to the soils where it occurs favors the local biodiversity maintenance and can also be used as guideline in projetcs of maintenance and restoration of original vegetation types found in certain ecosystems. The areas known as floodplains comprise the river floodplain areas of Pleistocene and Holocene deposits that border the rivers of muddy water, which are rich in suspended solids. The amazon floodplain regions contain a wide range of environments and ecosystems located in small areas. Within this context are the *aningais* regions, which are characterized by the occurrence of aquatic plants known as aningas (Montrichardia arborescens Schott), forming large populations by the margins of rivers and streams or alluvial islands, which are responsible for filtering the water of the Amazon estuaries. In order to gather a greater knowledge and understanding about this environment, this study was carried on for identifying, mapping and characterizing the Aningais and the soils underneath them. All the study scope comprises the floodplain areas of the Solimões river area, in the extent between Coari city limits and the confluence of the Negro and Solimões rivers, in a region near Manaus city. The samples were gathered in three waves of data collection, where leaves, flowers and fruits were collected from the aninga plants and then used in studies for botanic identification and leave analysis. Also, the geographic coordinates of each of the visited regions where were kept as data for further verification of the supervised classifying, performed for spatial mapping of the Aningais regions. The Soil Characterization were carried out by performing chemichal, physical and mineralogical analysis of the samples that were collected using dutch auger and volumetric cylinders. As results, nine Aningais regions were identified, all of them constituted of the Montrichardia arborescens specie. The Soils are mainly eutrophic, presenting high concentration of Calcium (Ca) and Magnesium (Mg), making themselves as rich ecosystems. These soils, however, are higly acid.