Prevalência da infecção pelo papilomavírus humano em gestantes no município de Coari, Amazonas, Brasil

Abstract

During pregnancy, pregnant women undergo deep and continuous anatomical and physiological changes so that they can cope with the increased physical and metabolic demands necessary to allow the development of the fetus and the demands of childbirth. These changes make the pregnant woman more susceptible to infections, such as Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection, which may have consequences for both mother and her baby. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of HPV infection in pregnant women and to verify the agreement of HPV detection between urine and cervicovaginal samples. For this, pregnant women in the second trimester of gestation under prenatal care at the Basic Health Units (UBS) of the municipality of Coari were invited to participate in this study, having collected cervico-vaginal and urinary samples. Molecular detection of HPV was done through Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) using the primer set PGMY09/11. The results showed that 24.6% (27/110) of the pregnant women were infected by HPV. For each type of sample, HPV was found in 13 (11.8%) urine samples and 26 (23.6%) cervicovaginal samples. There was an observed agreement of 86.4% (95% CI, 78.7% - 91.6%) and moderate concordance index among biological samples (kappa = 0.543, 95% CI, 0.372-0.715). A statistically significant association was found between HPV infection and the variables: age of the pregnant women (p = 0.014), primigestation (p = 0.027) and nulliparity (p = 0.046). Therefore, the prevalence of HPV found in our study reinforces the need to obtain more information about HPV infection in the gestational phase of the woman, in view of the complications caused by HPV during pregnancy, such as giant condylomata in the mother and papillomatosis in the baby.