Fatores preditores da sensibilidade no clareamento dentário

Abstract

Bleaching sensitivity (BS) is the main adverse effect of tooth whitening. Individual variations may affect it's occurrence and understanding predictive factors would help defining better treatment protocols, ensuring greater success in clinical practice. This study aimed to identify predictive factors associated to BS through a multiple and logistic regression analysis. Data from 16 studies developed in Graduate Program in Dentistry at UFAM, from 2015 to 2020, were included in the analysis, totalizing 831 experimental units, including parallel and split-mouth studies resulting in 664 patients. Independent variables were measured: bleaching technique (at home or in office); hydrogen peroxide concentration, sex, age and baseline tooth color measured by Vita Classical color scale. Dependent variables were ΔSGU and ΔE, risk and sensitivity intensity on VAS scale. For multivariate analysis, possible predictors were considered: (a) bleaching technique, (b) gender, (c) age, (d) baseline color, (e) gel pH (f) ΔSGU and (g) previous sensitivity. For sensitivity intensity (VAS scale), significant factors were: baseline color, age and bleaching gel pH. For intensity of sensitivity measured by the NRS scale, in addition to those observed with the VAS scale, gender factor was added. For both sensitivity measurements, in-office bleaching was more likely to lead to a greater intensity of sensitivity. For the BS risk, the predictors that showed a statistically significant difference were: bleaching protocol, sex and gel pH (for both VAS and NRS scales). Patients with darker teeth, older age and females seem to be more likely to develop sensitivity, as well as using whitening gels with more acidic pH can lead to greater BS.