Tecnologias e sustentabilidade na produção de abacaxi (Ananas comosus) em agroecossistemas familiares de Novo Remanso – AM

Abstract

Amazonian agroecosystems are characterized by adopting family-based production systems and diversified crops, making up, on the national scene, agriculture responsible for producing most of the food needed to meet the needs of the population. However, with the introduction of technologies to increase production, there is concern about environmental and social issues. This study aimed to analyze the sustainability of family agroecosystems that cultivate pineapple (Ananas comosus), submitted to different technological levels, in Novo Remanso, district of the municipality of Itacoatiara - AM. For this purpose, semi-structured forms were applied, through interviews with farmers who supply products to the COOPANORE cooperative, to identify the technologies used in pineapple production, identification of the technological level and the level of sustainability of the agroecosystems. Sustainability was evaluated using the MESMIS method (Framework for evaluating natural resources incorporating environmental indicators) in the social, economic, environmental and institutional dimensions, and statistical analyzes were performed using the statistical program PAST version 4.11. The technological level of the pineapple producers presented technology standard B, that is, the producers use more than 50% of the recommended technologies and the six recommended technologies, the selection of seedlings and harvest and post-harvest methods showed standard C. sustainability presented a regular condition, which means that the agroecosystems present limiting factors, mainly in the inappropriate use of pesticides, absence or low quality of technical assistance and deficiency in commercialization. The main technologies that negatively impact sustainability were: machines, equipment and tools, selection of seedlings and cultural practices (pest control). The planting system was the technology that had the most positive impact, and the technologies that did not correlate with sustainability were fertilization, harvesting and post-harvesting. No significant correlation was observed between the technological level and the level of sustainability. The research demonstrated the relevance of this production for the development of the region, contributing to present the importance of the technologies used in pineapple cultivation for the local economy, also giving visibility to the desires of the producers of this locality, allowing the construction of improvement strategies, based on the know and in the reality of each property.