Abordagem sociodental na caracterização da necessidade de tratamento ortodôntico em escolares de 12 anos de idade na cidade de Manaus - AM

Abstract

The normative needs (NN) professionally defined have been widely used for recommending orthodontic treatment. The socio-dental approach for treatment needs is a method that embodies to NN self-reported subjective measures and oral health related behaviors. It was proposed because of the limitations of the NN methods. The aim of this study was to test the socio-dental approach of orthodontic treatment needs in adolescents. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the city of Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil in 2010-2011 and included 201 scholars of 12 years-old. The orthodontic treatment NN was determined by oral clinical examination using two occlusal indexes, Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) and Dental Aesthetics Index (DAI). The socio-dental approach has combined normative measures (IOTN and DAI), impact of malocclusion on daily activities (Child-OIDP), and propensityrelated orthodontic treatment assessment. The methods of treatment needs assessment were compared using McNemar test. The association between the impact of malocclusion on daily activities and NN was tested by Qui-square test and Kruskal-Wallis test. The frequency of individuals with NN treatment (IOTN and DAI) was statistically higher comparing to sociodental approach (p<0.001). The socio-dental approach showed different results when using IOTN and DAI (p<0.001). The magnitude of NN was associated with the impact of malocclusion on the adolescents daily activities. Large reductions in normative needs estimates for orthodontic treatment were apparent using socio-dental approach. The sociodental approach for orthodontic treatment needs can optimize the use of resources in oral health services.