Composição química e atividade antimalárica in vitro de Endopleura uchi (Huber) Cuatrec e Himatanthus sucuuba (Spruce) Wood

Abstract

Several plants are being used in folk medicine as antimalarials, among these species are Endopleura uchi and Himatanthus sucuuba used by the remaining quilombo communities of Oriximiná in Pará. This study aimed to study the chemical composition and evaluate the in vitro antiplasmodic activity of extracts, fractions and substances isolated from the E. uchi and H. sucuuba species against the K1 (chloroquine resistant) strain of Plasmodium falciparum. Initially, six extracts of the species E. uchi and 16 extracts of the species H. sucuuba were evaluated, where the ethanol extracts of the E. uchi bark showed the best yield, for the species H. sucuuba the best yields of both the bark and the leaf were those extracted with low polarity solvents. As with the minimum inhibitory concentration (IC50), the extracts did not show activity on Plasmodium falciparum, their fractionation was not continued. The extracts of the leaves of H. sucuuba obtained with ethyl acetate and chloroform showed IC50 of 20.9 and 24.7, respectively. The ethyl acetate extract was subjected to fractionation, using a chromatographic column (CC). 18 fractions were obtained, which were gathered according to their analytical thin layer chromatography profiles (CCD) resulting in five fractions, four of these fractions showed partial antiplasmodic activity (IC50 11.7; 15.4; 16.8 and 19.6 ug / mL). The FDB2 fraction was subjected to a new fractionation using CC. Ursolic acid was isolated from this new fractionation, this substance showed promising antiplasmodic activity (IC50 3.87 ug / mL). The report of the chemical composition and antimalarial activity of H. sucuuba leaves is unprecedented in the literature.