Rendimento e características físico-químicas da carne do camarão Macrobrachium amazonicum (Heller, 1862) e do caranguejo Dilocarcinus pagei (Stimpson, 1861)

Abstract

Many species of crustaceans are used for human consumption around the world. Investigations the ecology, behavior and cultive that may influence the meat characteristics are important to optimize the exploitation of this fishery resource. The aim of the study was to determine the yield and nutritional potential of meat Macrobrachium amazonicum prawn and crab Dilocarcinus pagei. Prawns and crabs were caught in the municipalities of Parintins and Itacoatiara, in the State of Amazonas, respectively. The prawn meat characteristics were examined in five treatments according to the cooking time, "in natura", 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes while the crab was used three treatments according to the cooking time 10, 15 and 20 minutes. All animals were prepared in brine at 10% with biometric variables being registered for determining the meat yield. Cooked meat samples of both species were utilized to determine the chemical composition and meat portions analyzed by a sensory panel of 40 untrained tasters. Performance data, chemical composition and sensory analysis were compared between treatments by one-way ANOVA being complemented by Tukey test. The prawns had a mean weight of 2.06 ± 0.37g and total length of 65.60 ± 4.08 mm, respectively, while the crabs had an average weight of 36.63 ± 10.70g and width of 42.19 ± 4.43mm. Prawn "in nature" had higher income securities compared to cooking times but when only compared the cooking times there was no difference, so has the crabs compared the yield of meat due to the cooking time. In prawn, the cooking times of 5, 15 and 20 minutes showed higher concentration of lipids and ash and crabs cooking time 20 minutes had higher concentration of lipids and calorie besides presenting lower moisture content. Crabs, there was no difference in protein and ashes with the cooking time 20 minutes showing higher concentration of lipids and calorie besides presenting lower moisture content. Both the prawn and crabs meat were well accepted by the average consumer in all sensory attributes analyzed. In prawn, the cooking time did not have influenced the appearance parameters, color, odor and overall acceptability, while in flavor and texture parameters, cooked prawn for 15 and 20 minutes showed greater acceptance than other cooking times. In crabs, the cooking time did not affect appearance, color, odor, flavor, texture and overall acceptance. Prawns cooked for 15 and 20 minutes and crabs for 20 min shawed the lower moisture ratio, this characteristic may promote the increase in storage time as well as providing a product with high nutritional quality.