Chegar e sobreviver em Manaus: realidade e inserção do imigrante no mercado de trabalho e no espaço urbano

Abstract

A recurring theme in migration studies is given by the migrant's insertion at the destination, whether in spatial, social or occupational terms. This thesis proposes to investigate and discuss the migrant's integration into the labor market and in the urban space of the city of Manaus during the decade of 1990. The analysis was done by a set of indicators drawn from census data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), available and organized through the free application REDATAM. Based on the results obtained, there was greater integration of migrant workers in the city's labor market when compared to non-migrants. It is clear, however, that this greater integration corresponds largely to the informal labor market, with social protection and excessive working hours. Nevertheless, this phenomenon varies according to the migrant's residence time, mainly affecting recent immigrants with less than three years of residence. As for unemployment, in general, proved to be higher than among non-migrants, in terms of gender, age and education. Indeed, among the migrants, the unemployment rate showed a declining trend as increase the years of residence at the destination. The services sector proved to be very prominent in the absorption of the labor force, migrant and non-migrant, Manaus, followed by the manufacturing industry. The distribution of income per condition in the family unit shows that more than half of those responsible, regardless of immigration status, receiving up to 2 minimum salaries. With regard to the integration of immigrants in urban areas, the use and processing of maps allowed a good approximation of their distribution in the city. Thus, they revealed that the portion of the east side of the city is where is the most recent migrants, a fact which appears consistent with the highest population growth in this area in the 1990s.