Territorialidade e condições de vida dos indígenas Cocama da comunidade Nova Esperança de Manaus - AM

Abstract

The dissertation addresses the specific case of New Hope Community Cocama people, made up of families from different neighborhoods of Manaus, who can keep an ethnic tie, despite the challenge of being out of their Indigenous Land - IT. In the research, we emphasize the enjoyment of specific rights for indigenous peoples conquered by the indigenous movement, the members of that community. The objectives turned to examine the territoriality and the living conditions of families Cocama people in Manaus / Community New Hope; point out the activities at the New Hope community, contributing to the economic and cultural survival of Cocama in Manaus; relate access and reach of public policies to Cocama indigenous in the context of Manaus; and present as Cocama Indians of New Hope experience their territoriality and ethos of their culture. To conduct research, we used observation, interview and form. Also used documental data, indigenous legislation, specifically on Social Welfare, Health and Education and biographical data dealing with Cocama people, supplemented by observation meetings and site visits. The dissertation is divided into three chapters, covering specific aspects of the presence of Cocama people before the colonization process in the Upper and Middle Solimões to the current survival situation in the city of Manaus. Thus, in the first chapter, we present the fundamentals and concepts of territoriality, Ethnicity and the process of training and mobilization of the indigenous movement in the context of democratization of the Brazilian State, which enabled the guarantee specific rights to indigenous peoples. The second chapter traces the historical trajectory of the life of Cocama people before the process of colonization of Brazil by Europeans, highlighting aspects of culture. Furthermore, it approaches the first contacts and relationships with the colonizer, and the consequences caused to the people, including the shift to other non-indigenous territories, specifying Manaus and the New Hope Community. In the third chapter, we present the specific public policies of social welfare, health care and the right to indigenous education, fruit of the claims of the indigenous movement, along with civil society organizations. There is which aspects of these policies the New Hope community cocama have access, considering they are contributions to the care of indigenous peoples. In conclusion, taken up the central axes of the research in order to demonstrate that the issue of public policies for indigenous peoples still on the agenda of discussions, as each village is a universe whose universal character of the policies do not suit the needs of many communities, besides it is an ongoing process that remains a demand for the government, both in relation to social conditions in iT, and in the cities, as was observed in the Community Cocama New Hope, during the search.