Caracterização química do extrato hexânico das folhas, galhos e frutos de Eschweilera ovalifolia (DC) Nied. (Lecythidaceae)

Abstract

Eschweilera ovalifolia (DC.) Nied. is a plant native to Brazil but, not endemic. Can be found in the stat of Amazonas and in countries that are parts of the international Amazon. Popularly known as castanharana (Brazil) and machimango (Peru), it is a unique tree periodically flooded region, reaching approximately 20-30 m in height. The aim of this work was the chemical study of the hexane extract of the leaves branches and fruits Eschweilera ovalifolia (DC) Nied. (Lecythidaceae), collected in Maués-AM. For both, samples were dried in an oven circulating air and milled in order to obtain the hexane extracts. Phytochemical screening was performed on hydroalcoholic and 20% aqueous extracts of the organs studied. The hexane extract of the leaves was fractionated by column chromatography (CC) and the crude extract and its fractions were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS), while the hexane extracts of branches and fruits were analyzed directly GC-MS. Phytochemical screening suggested that there are differences in chemical composition between the organs of the plant under study, moreover, suggested the absence of coumarins and anthraquinones for all organs studied. After analysis by GC-MS were identified hydrocarbons, fatty acids, sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, triterpenes and tocopherols in nonpolar extracts of leaves, branches and fruit. Therefore, chemically parts studied showed no dramatic diferences.