Condições de saúde e bem-estar de trabalhadores universitários em relação a presença de transtorno mental comum, peso aumentado e risco metabólico

Abstract

General Objective: To assess the health and well-being conditions of university workers in relation to the presence of Common Mental Disorder (CMD), weight gain and metabolic risk. To identify the prevalence of CMD and obesity, as well as the sociodemographic and working conditions of the workers. To analyze the prevalence of anthropometric, bioimpedance and capillary blood glucose

measurements with an emphasis on weight gain and metabolic risk. Method: A descriptive, cross- sectional study with a quantitative approach. The target audience was teachers and administrative

technicians linked to a public Higher Education Institution. Data was collected in two stages. The first was done remotely, using an instrument to assess sociodemographic conditions and the presence of Common Mental Disorders. The second was in person, to take anthropometric, bioimpedance, capillary glycemia and blood pressure measurements. The analysis was carried out using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Categorical variables were presented in tables containing absolute (n) and relative (%) frequencies. Logistic regression was calculated considering a 95% confidence interval and P-value ≤0.05. Results: Of the 94 participants, the majority were women (66%), aged ≤50 years (63.8%), married (64.9%), with children (64.9%), ≤ 2 (53.2%). Most were teachers (55.3%), with a low perception of their health status (51.1%), with increased weight (60.6%) and high metabolic risk (55.3%). When comparing the groups, the participants with Common Mental Disorder (40.4%) were those with ≥ 3 income dependents [60.5%, (p=0.011). The question on the Common Mental Disorder Screening Questionnaire with the highest percentage of YES answers was "feel nervous/tense/worried" (58.5%). Participants with increased weight were on average 47.4 (p=0.004) years old, had children [75.4% (0.008)] and ≥ 3 dependents [54.4% (p=0.019)]. They also reported having some chronic disease [52.6% (p=0.029)], hypertension being the most common [47.4% (p=0.000)], and having fallen ill in the last 90 days [35.1% (p=0.046)]. Participants with an increased metabolic risk (55.3%) were > 50 years old (50% (p=0.002)), had children [76.9% (p=0.007)] and worked in the Social Sciences and Humanities [44.2% (p=0.039)]. In addition, they considered their health to be improving/regular [61.5% (p=0.024)], reported having hypertension [44.2% (p=0.002)] and had an increased weight [86.5% (p=0.000)] and waist-to-hip ratio [55.8% (p=0.000)]. Logistic regression analysis showed that females were 4 times more likely to have Common Mental Disorder [OR=4.06 (95%CI 1.32 - 14.4), p≤ 0.02]. Participants with increased weight were 8 times more likely to have an increased metabolic risk [8.47 (95%CI 2.07 - 12.0) p≤ 0.008] and 4 times more likely to have an elevated body fat percentage [4.78 (95%CI 1.90 - 5.10) p≤ 0.008]. With regard to increased metabolic risk, the chance increased for those who reported having ≥ 3 income dependents [4.52 (95%CI 1.07-22.8), p≤ 0.049] and ≥ 5 years working at the HEI [0.17 (95%CI 0.03-0.78), p≤ 0.036]. High body fat [8.4 (95%CI 3.69-13.3), p≤ 0.001], WHR [4.31 (95%CI 4.05-7.75), p≤ 0.001] and weight [15.3 (95%CI 3.36-20.1), p≤ 0.001] also increased the chance of metabolic risk. Conclusion: Increased body fat as well as those with elevated metabolic risk have greater health vulnerability. Women are more likely to have a Common Mental Disorder. The findings indicate that university workers need to be encouraged to adopt self-care practices that improve their health status. The Higher Education Institution, which is engaged in the Health Promoting University Movement, contributes to the work environment offering better conditions of physical and mental well-being for the academic community.