Estudo da distribuição espacial dos crimes e infrações ambientais na área urbana no município de Manaus-AM no período de 2003 a 2007

Abstract

This dissertation deals with the use of geo tools in the field of surveillance and environmental protection in Manaus. Refers to the instruments related to the collection, sorting and data use in intelligent systems able to provide support for decision making in the systematic planning of actions for environmental protection. Thus, research aimed at general, a register georeferenced structure and analyze the spatial distribution of environmental crimes and violations occurring in the urban area of Manaus in the period 2003 to 2007, to support the definition of public policies to control and environmental control in urban area of the municipality. Its specific objectives were structuring a register of georeferenced environmental crimes and violations in the urban zone of Manaus-Am, based on data from the Municipal Secretary of Environment (Semmes) and the Center for Integrated Operations Security (CIOPS) Department of State Public Security of the Amazon (SESEG-AM), study and analyze the spatial distribution of environmental crimes and violations in the areas of administrative Manaus through techniques of geographic information system to support actions in the planning and operations of the police bodies responsible for command and control environment. This work was developed using data obtained in CIOPS (Integrated Center for Security Operations) and the Semmes (Municipal Secretariat of Environment). The results were expressed in statistical work data, representing the aggregate occurrences around the categories under the Law No. 9605/98. The information concerning the database of CIOPS were based on determining the geographic coordinates (lat/long), and data on calls to the emergency number 190, generating a systematic and consistent set of data into the GIS for analysis required . From these data, it is the preparation of maps to make space for the events recorded environmental violations and crimes. The use of georeferenced data for the mapping was based on the criterion of administrative zoning of the city of Manaus, with stratification by type and seasonality. From the preparation of maps, using the techniques of criminal analysis to the problem object of research, it was possible to identify the occurrence of violations and environmental crimes, higher concentrations of these events and spatiotemporal location. The results showed that such events, since spatially visualizadas, highlight priority areas to be considered by the strategic and operational planning. This study demonstrates the importance and the need for a database structured and shared, geo-based tools that allow to implement environmental policy based on the integrated action of bodies responsible for monitoring, control and e protection of the environment. The results show that the link between technology and information systems, coupled with new opportunities for tracking and positioning, such as satellites and GPS devices makes it possible to develop tools for analysis and interpretation of environmental crimes and violations. With the mapping of events, the display allows more detailed spatial data to benefit the decision-making, strengthening the capacity fiscalizatória of control and environmental protection, presenting as a tool that should be incorporated into the integration process of all institutions that shall carry out the environmental policies in Manaus.