Caracterização de Leishmania do subgênero Viannia isoladas de Flebotomíneos da serra dos Carajás e Santarém, estado do Pará, pela reação em cadeia da Polimerase

Abstract

The leishmaniasis are zoonotic disease that present two forms of involvement: the cutaneous and visceral forms. Both transmitted by the bite of sandfly (Diptera; Psychodidae). The disease is caused by infection with Leishmania (Kinetoplastid; Trypanossomatidae), a protozoan that has particular characteristics as single flagellum, sub cytoskeleton of microtubules and a relatively small kinetoplast DNA condensed be able to infect vertebrates and invertebrates. This study aimed to identify by PCR protozoa of the genus Leishmania present in samples of intestinal contents of sandflies captured in Santarém and Serra dos Carajás, Pará State. The sandflies captures with CDC light traps and Shannon were made by IEC in four areas of the Serra dos Carajás and one in Santarém, total of ten samples for PCR analysis, five samples from Santarém and five samples from Serra dos Carajás. After DNA extraction and PCR technique, the PCR product was loaded in 1,5% agarose gel in TBE buffer and bands were observed in UV transluminator. Four samples isolated from sandflies captured from Santarém, Psychodopygus hirsutus hirsutus, Psychodopygus welcomei/complexus, Psychodopygus davisi and Psychodopygus whitmani were characterized as Leishmania subgenus Viannia. One sample of Santarém isolated from sandfly Psychodopygus gomezi and five samples of Serra dos Carajás isolated from sandflies Psychodopygus hirsutus hirsutus, Lutzomyia brachypyga, Lutzomyia richardwardi, Lutzomyia umbratilis have not been characterized. The results of the Santarém region showed that sandflies which were infected by protozoa Leishmania subgenus Viannia had already been recorded in infection by this flagellate in previous studies. The Serra dos Carajás results evidenced that it was not possible to identify the parasites contained in the intestinal tube of the phlebotomine it was only possible to affirm that they are not parasites of the genus Leishmania. These data reinforce the importance of maintaining a program of entomological surveillance in sandflies in Santarém and Serra dos Carajás. Further studies will be needed for greater knowledge of the unidentified samples.