Atividade diária e pesca do camarão-da-amazônia Macrobrachium amazonicum (HELLER, 1862), no município de Itacoatiara-AM

Abstract

With wide distribution in various states of Brazil, the species of Macrobrachium amazonicum prawn has aroused interest in aquaculture. Behavior information and standard description of activities M. amazonicum are important to optimize the management in captivity of this species. The aim of this study was to describe the behavioral daily activities and selection of M. amazonicum substrate. The animals were kept in 30 L tanks with continuous aeration, weeds in the water column and bottom divided into 50% gravel and 50% sand. A total of 132 prawns (12 prawns reserves), divided into: Experiment 1 (T1: adults and juveniles; T2: youth; T3: adults) and experiment 2 with just 1 treatment (adult prawn with simulation of the flood pulse), both treatments were divided into three replicates of 10 shrimp per tank were observed for 48 hours at intervals of one hour in experiment 1 (T1, T2 and T3), and for 40 days in experiment 2 every 12 hours with the frequency register the activities and location on the substrate. For the analysis of behavioral data in all treatments was carried out principal component analysis (PCA) for "bootstrap" using R software, comparing the frequencies of the day and night and to compare the selection of substrate M. amazonicum was used chi-test square using PAST 2:16 software (P <0.05) in experiment 1, and principal component analysis (PCA) in experiment 2. Significant difference in behavioral activity M. amazonicum was recorded between the periods of day and night, and also before simulated flood pulse. In the experiments, the shrimp were most active at night, and environmental exploitation the most frequent behavior. In the daytime, the most common behavior was feeding. The selection of the substrate showed difference between periods in all experimental treatments 1 and experiment 2 observed difference in substrate selection before flood pulse. In the daytime, there was a greater preference for gravel substrate. At night the water column showed a higher occurrence of M. amazonicum. The behavioral pattern of activity exhibited by M. amazonicum shows a species with predominantly nocturnal exploratory habit. The presence of CG1 males and also reducing the space significantly increased the frequency of agonistic behavior in M. amazonicum.