Distribuição e abundância da fauna na área de vida da Comunidade de Pini, em lugares selecionados por caçadores da Floresta Nacional do Tapajós/Pará

Abstract

Hunt is seen as an activity of killing or capture of animal life elements, practiced since the beginning of times where man already used animals in different ways as food, clothing, medicine or pet animals. In the Amazon forest this activity is practiced throughout its social formation being considered source of protein to sustenance of populations that survive in it. With the objective of investigate the strategies of hunt and relations between fauna and people that live in the community of Pini, in the National Forest of Tapajós, we characterized the areas of hunt recognized as stains by the local hunters, as were used photographic traps and semi-structured interviews to register the forest fauna to know what animals are consumed and in witch quantities by the local community members with the intent of cooperate with the consumption plan of the unit that is being studied by the federal university of Pará – UFPA, through the Amazon high studies nucleus – NAEA, institution that is searching conservation measures that guarantees the prudent and sustainable consumption of the available resources to that community. So there were identified three types of forests: firm, Capoeira and Igapó, and in all these locations there were (comidias) fruit trees. Through the photographic traps there were registered 10 species of animals, all mammals: armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus), cutia (Dasyprocta agouti), deer (Mazama americana), irara (Eira barbara), mucura (Didelphis marsupialis) and to birds: mutum (Mitu mitu), red juriti (Geotrygon violaceae), gavião (Morphnus guianensis), inambu (Tinamus tao) e jacamim (Psophia creptans). Between hunts, the most registered were the one the hunter waits over a platform and the shotgun the most used. Fish was the most consumed food by the local residents, followed by hunt and among the registered animals between the semi-structured interviews, direct and indirect observations were registered 16 species of animals distributed in six orders and 25 families. Among all those animals, the armadillo, cutia and inambu were registered in all the techniques of sample and the most abundant mammals were paca, armadillo and cutia and to birds: mutum and inambu, and the most abundant reptile was the tortoise (Podocnemis expansa). The study revealed that even not having evidences about over exploitation of hunt, we can see that the hunted fauna is being found in more distant places, therefore, the exploration of hunt in this community can be as an economic alternative of production of low impact by the social and economic point of view, being able to exist of this animal resources among the local social participation and these villagers can demand from ICMBio measures that guarantee the autonomy of the community, since the participative plan and society involvement in planning suggests measures of evaluation and monitoring of hunt exploitation by the competent authorities and this will be of fundamental importance to the maintenance of the hunt activity to sustainable of this community off the national forest of Tapajós.