Ensino-aprendizagem de inglês à luz da interculturalidade crítica: um estudo de narrativas de professores do IFAM

Abstract

This work had as its main objective to analyze the narratives of English teachers of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Amazonas - IFAM on culture, teaching-learning and interculturality. The specific objectives were: to assess the individual experiences of the participants, reflecting on other social, cultural, historical and institutional narratives that helped to form their narratives; to find out how the perspectives of the participants on culture, teaching-learning and interculturality are presented in the classroom; and to identify the possibilities of developing and strengthening of the perspective of critical interculturality within the IFAM, taking into consideration the narratives of teachers. The theoretical framework was divided into two parts: the first covered the concepts of culture, multiculturalism, interculturality and critical interculturality, based on Almeida (2011), Maher (2007), Santos (2002), Veiga Neto (2003), Walsh (2009, 2007), among others. The second part discussed on interculturality and teaching-learning of languages, relating language, culture and teaching-learning, it also presented the theoretical bases for the development of the concept of critical interculturality in the language teaching-learning: intercultural knowledge, third space, insurgent voices and critical cultural awareness. Afterward, it was discussed about interculturality and the official documents in Brazil and, finally, about teaching-learning of English using the theoretical framework of critical interculturality, anchored on Almeida (2011), Byram (1997), Guilherme (2002), Kramsch (1993; 1998; 2013), Moita Lopes (2008), Pennycook (1994), Sousa Santos (2010), among others. This study was characterized as a qualitative investigation located in the interpretative paradigm, and the methodological procedures were based on the narrative research based on Clandinin (2013), Connelly and Clandinin (1990; 2004), Mello (2005; 2010), among others. The context of research was the IFAM context, specifically, the teaching and learning of Modern Foreign Language - English, whose participants were three teachers. The questionnaire with open questions was used as a tool of data generation. The treatment of the narratives was based on narrative analysis (PAIVA, 2008). The stories of Lucia, Clara and Pedro were analyzed from the perspective of oral history (MEIHY; HOLANDA, 2007), of the exercise of over view (AMORIM, 2010) and of the narrative research movements (CLANDININ, 2013). The results pointed to the themes of culture, teaching-learning and interculturality at an intersection, revealing different approaches presented by teachers in the relationship between teaching-learning and culture, among them, the culture as a social practice and the traditional approach. Through the stories, it was also verified the need to recognize the teacher as a cultural mediator. From this study, possibilities for the development and strengthening of critical interculturality in teaching and learning of English at IFAM were put forward. At the end of the work, possible pedagogical applications and suggestions for studies or works are presented within the IFAM, aiming at contributions in order to proceed with the proposed reflections.