Avaliação das atividade antioxidantes e inibitória sobre enzimas elastase e colagenase e hialuronidase da libidibia ferrea MART

Abstract

The skin is the largest organ in the human body and is intended to serve as a barrier against external agents. The loss of integrity of this tissue can cause injury or illness that can lead to death. The aging of the skin, which is also a natural process of the body, has its root causes and can be accelerated due to extrinsic causes, such as exposure to solar radiation, which causes physical changes to the skin, due to changes that occur in the connective tissue through the formation of lipid peroxides, contents of cells and enzymes and reactive oxygen species. Due to the important role in tissue remodeling processes in health and disease involving the skin, some studies have shown investigations with plant extracts as inhibitors of enzymes and antioxidants. The Libidibia ferrea Mart. is a tree that belongs to the family Leguminosae-Caesalpininoideae which grows in Brazil widely distributed in North and Northeast, especially in Pernambuco and Ceará. The species is popularly known as “jucá”, “pau-ferro”, “ibirá-obi”, “imirá-itá”, “muirá-obi”, “muiré-itá”. The phytochemical investigation of the hydroalcoholic extract of L. ferrea revealed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, curmarinas, steroids and other phenolic compounds, classes of substances already mentioned in the literature as potential antioxidants and enzyme inhibitors. We used extracts from the bark and pods of L. ferrea in different concentrations to perform the tests anti-elastase, anti-collagenase, anti-hyaluronidase test and in vitro antioxidant and in NIH3T3 murine fibroblast cells. The anti-elastase test, the skin showed inhibition constant average of 42% at concentrations of 63 μg / mL to 1000 μg / mL. In assessing the inhibitory activity of collagenase, it was found that the bark extract of L. ferrea showed no significant activity at the concentrations tested (25, 50 and 100 μg / mL), and inhibition of 15.2%. At the highest concentration tested (100 μg / mL) extract produced from the pod L. ferrea showed greater inhibition of enzyme activity compared with the extract made from the bark. Although the extracts of bark and pods of L. ferrea have been shown to be good scavengers of DPPH radicals in vitro test, the test cell with fibroblasts NIT3T3, extracts, in concentrations non-toxic, have not been able to capture radicals significantly. These results demonstrate that extracts of L. ferrea can be considered promising in studies on aging and skin diseases.