Geologia e gênese das ocorrências de Ti, Nb e ETR’s Na Serra Repartimento, Roraima

Abstract

In the gneissic rocks of the Rio Urubu Metamorphic Suite that emerge in Serra Repartimento, with a metamorphic Sn foliation, and locally with meso to ultramilonitic textures, and milonitic Sn+1 foliation, would have been generated under conditions of amphibolite-granulite facies, at a metamorphic peak temperature of ~ 773 °C and pressure of ~ 6,5 Kbar. Syn-kinematics plutons of gabbros settled during a tectonometamorphic event in the Orosiriano during the activation of shear zones, with crystallization conditions close to 1219 °C and metamorphism in amphibolite facies with temperature of ~ 784 °C and pressure of ~ 6,0 Kbar. The Mesozoic gneiss rocks were affected by tafrogenic processes, intruded by alkaline magmatism associated with the opening of the Tacutu graben, and hydrothermal alteration derived from the fluxo of hydrothermal fluids. These hydrothermal post-magmatic fluids related to alkaline plutonism, rich in Na, Ca, K, incompatible elements and light rare earth elements (LREE), migrated and percolated the metamorphic rocks, generating enrichment in Ti and Nb. Rutile in veins, accompanied with fluorapatitas and zircon, are minerals that enclose anomalous contents of these latter elements formed by processes of hydrothermal alteration. The chemical and physical characteristics of the fluids showed the existence of the interaction of at least two different compositional systems, an aqueous one characterized by the H2O-NaCl system and an aquocarbonic characterized by the H2O-CO2-NaCl system. This hydrothermal fluid presents salinity up to 22% by weight of NaCl, with a higher concentration in the range of 15-20%, with minimum entrapment conditions at 457 °C and 3.3Kbars. The information obtained allows us to infer that the formation of the ore in the Serra Repartimento area is a result of a magmatic-hydrothermal system, with an alkaline magmatic source, with the transport of complex bonds of F-, Cl-, HCO3-, CO32-, HS- e S2– and metals (Ti, Nb and REE's), probably associated with the Apiaú Alkaline Complex, and mobilized in fracture zones associated with reactivations of the NE-SW and E-W shear zones during Tacutú graben formation.