Montagem, anotação e análise estrutural do genoma de Pleurotus ostreatoroseus DPUA 1720

Abstract

Since remote times, Mushrooms have been used due to their therapeutic value. Several species are sources of bioactive and they can provide beneficial health effects, such as antioxidants potential, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic, anticancer, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, among other things. This research aims to do the mushroom molecular authentication, sequence, annotate and analyse of Pleurotus ostreatoroseus genome, analysing its nutritional composition, and its antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. The molecular authentication was performed by amplification of the fungi nuclear rRNA genes, and deposited in the NCBI. The sequencing was performed at Ilumina HiSeq and assembled by the method de novo with SOAP software. The total size of the P. ostreatoroseus genome is 43.81Mb, with a GC content of 56.04%, and 9,263 genes. The assembly generated 38,588,771 contigs, with an N50 of 180.9. Annotations were made in Gene Ontology (GO), KEGG, KOG, NR, TCDB and CAZy. Through KEGG was possible to observe the metabolism network of the species, presenting genes mainly involved in catabolism/transport (274 genes) and carbohydrate metabolism (248 genes). In the GO annotation, the most abundant genes involved in the three annotation categories were: (1) Cell Component, 2,137 genes involved in cell junctions; (2) Molecular function, 3,265 genes associated with the activity of undefined ligands (3) Biological process, 3,171 genes linked to multi-organism processes. In the KOG annotation, most genes (221) were associated with post-translational modifications and chaperones. In the NR annotation, a protein comparison was made with twenty fungal species deposited in the NCBI databases, and the similarity of 3,194 P. ostreatoroseus genes with the fungal species Phanerochaete carnosa was observed. The clusters of secondary metabolite genes revealed a total of 27 clusters, including 10 terpenes, 1 t3pkse, 5 t1pks and another 11 clusters. The proximate composition of the mycelial biomass revealed a protein content of 12.81%, carbohydrates 33.64%, fibers 3.78% and lipids 1.43%. Analysis of the antimicrobial activity of extracts obtained from P. ostreatoroseus had no antifungal and antibacterial action. From the ethanolic extract, the total composition of phenols (19.6 mg EAG / g) and antioxidant activity were determined by the ABTS (84.1 μmol TE / g), DPPH (324.8 μmol TE / g) assays and FRAP (472.6 μM TE / g). The results reported in this research will assist future research with biotechnological applications, as the genetic data provides important information about the biology of the mushroom.