Entre vulnerabilidade e resiliência: risco, proteção e subjetividade em adolescentes que vivem em situação de rua em Manaus

Abstract

Childhood and adolescence are aspects of humanity that are built in a cultural - historical context and are not ready and unique human characteristics. Each person will have the possibility to live them and to build their social identity. Children and adolescents living in the streets make up a situation in which one of the main characteristics is the violation of rights, which causes invisibility, increasing the risk factors that permeate this context of social vulnerability, requiring resilience to overcome the adversities. Understanding resilience as a process and starting from the idea that its construction takes place necessarily in a context that constitutes subjectivity, the current project aimed to understand the resilience process of adolescents who “inhabit the streets” and the risk and protection factors involved in this situation of vulnerability. For that, we used Qualitative Epistemology, developed by Gonzalez Rey for the production of scientific knowledge about subjectivity in a historical - cultural perspective. The study participants were two adolescents, both 12 years old, one of each gender. They were approached through conversational systems, where the subjects (re) produced aspects of their reality and their social practices, through their reflections and subjective senses that were audio recorded during the conversation and recorded in a field diary by the researcher. The data were systematized and interpreted from the constructive - interpretive analysis model of the Theory of Subjectivity. The main findings point to the idea that the subjectivity of adolescents is built from their daily experiences, that is, from the relationship established with people and the environment, whether they favor them, as protection in the community, or symbolize risks. The aim of the activity was to discuss how to strengthen and promote factors that contribute to the development of such, in addition to minimizing risks and reducing the number of vulnerabilities to which these subjects are exposed.

Keywords: Adolescents. Resilience. Subjectivity.