Metropolização do espaço na Amazônia Ocidental: discurso e diferenciação espacial na Região Metropolitana Manaus

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to understand the spatial differentiation and the relationship with discourse in the process of metropolization of space in the Metropolitan Region of Manaus (RMM), considering the most dynamic area (metropolis Manaus and the municipality of Iranduba). For this, three chapters were addressed: i) a deeper understanding of metropolization; ii) followed by observation on the influence of discourse on spatial interactions; iii) and the relationship of spatial organization in the form of differentiation in the study area. The methodology starts with a bibliographical survey on the subject, the treatment of secondary data represented in related maps, identification of statements that echo the discourses of modeling agents/consumers and the analysis through spatial differentiation. The results obtained are that, from a regional (and international) integration plan, the State mobilizes a discourse that justifies changes in the spatial arrangement of the RMM, accelerating the process of metropolization of space in the study area, which is also materially referenced for the production of a series of objects in the connection between the metropolis Manaus and the municipality of Iranduba, such as the Jornalista Phelippe Daou Bridge, the UEA University City, the duplication of the AM-070 highway, and so on. The real estate developers have an intense participation in the process, contribute to the construction of a reflection of housing in Iranduba, having as a reference the amenities until then seen as exclusive to the metropolitan nucleus, adding to the idea of ​​“novelty” and proximity to “green ”. In the context of the RMM network, there was a high concentration in the node corresponding to the metropolis Manaus, which is based on demographic, economic, infrastructural (ports, airports and similar) and flow issues, emerging the possibility of establishing a solar network in the Western Amazon. The importance of Itacoatiara as a secondary center of the urban network of the RMM is understood, related to a fixed port dynamics and mainly grain flows. In a periodization of the socio-spatial dynamics in the structuring axis of the metropolization of space in the RMM (2000-2019), the rise of the road modal monopoly with the Bridge was observed; the disarticulation of the centrality hegemony associated with the Cacau Pirêra district, which was based on the fluvial connection with the metropolis; the primacy of the AM-070 highway as a diffuser of the structuring axis; the shift of the main dynamics from the left bank to the right bank of the highway (in Manaus-Iranduba direction), signaled by the UEA City zoning, the formation of the current real estate framework.