Gestão Escolar e Política Educacional de inclusão na rede de ensino municipal de Manaus: uma reflexão à luz da teoria crítica

Abstract

The 1980s represented major changes in the cultural, political, social and educational context of the country. After the Dictatorship period, the Brazilian military began a process of democratization, which is reflected in the Federal Constitution of 1988, known as the Constitution, because it advocates a range of social rights for Brazilian citizens. It also extends the autonomy granted to municipalities for their political-administrative organization, expanding their participation and autonomy in the management of public policies. In this context, through several actions that sought to achieve the realization of the right of all basic education, municipalities have implemented educational policies increasingly inclusive, significantly increasing the educational attendance in early childhood and elementary education. The Special Education Policy in the Perspective of Inclusive Education of 2008 reinforced the entrance of students with disabilities into the regular classes of education and required school management mechanisms not only for access, but also for permanence and quality to guarantee more effective emancipation processes. The objective of this study was to analyze the legal and political frameworks that govern inclusive education in the city of Manaus, describing the relationship between school management and the paradigm of inclusion in the current educational, political and cultural context of the public school system in Manaus. The study used a qualitative exploratory and descriptive approach, and was developed through bibliographical and documentary research. It had as theoretical contribution the Critical Theory based on Adorno. In the bibliographic research, we base our scientific discussion with the following authors: Glat and Blanco (2007), Glat and Pletsch (2011) Libâneo (2007, 2008), Mendes (2010), Marques (2010), Lopes e Fabris Matos (2013), World Declaration of Education for All of 1990, Declaration of Salamanca of 1994, among others. The documentary research privileged the analysis of the legal documents of the public policies of the municipality of Manaus, among them, LOMAN of 1990, Municipal Plan of Education, Resolution nº 10/CME/2011, nº 11/CME /2016 and Resolution nº 038/CME/2015 of the Municipal Council of Manaus. The analysis showed that there is dissonance in municipal legislation regarding inclusive education; About school management we find some aspects that revealed conflicts and about the interface between school management and educational policies of inclusion. We verified that the dialogue between these two fields of study exists, in the sense that participation and autonomy permeate both the field of inclusion and school management, but are not reconciled.