Ecoepidemologia e vigilância da Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana no município de Prainha, estado do Pará

Abstract

The Leishmaniasis has control hindered by its clinicai variability, multiplicity of vectors and hosts, and presents various modes of transmission. Are vector-borne infectious diseases, with wide distribution in the world, and, according to the World Health Organization, part of a set of six tropical diseases most important in Europe and the Americas. Present clinicai form visceral, tegumentary and mucosal. Its transmission cycle is subject to a variability of detenninants, which highlights the aggression of man on the environment. This study describes the situation of ecoepidemiology surveillance of American Cutaneous Leislunaniasis, in the municipality of Prainha, State of Pará (PA), Amazonia, Brazil, using secondary data from the System National Notifiable Diseases (SINAN) and primary data entomological surveys conducted in areas of high concentration of cases. We identified 386 cases in the period from 2002 to 2011, with 374 autochthonous (96%), new 356 (92.5%), 380 of cutaneous form (98.4%). Of the total cases 333 (86.3%) were confirmed by direct examination, 85 patients underwent Montenegro test (IRAM), 72 with positive result and only 15 underwent histopathological examination. The profile of the population is affected males (84.7%), greater than 10 years (93.0%), residing in rural amas (89.4%), with incomplete primary education levei (55.2%). The vector found in most entomological surveys conducted was Lutzomyia flaviscutellata extradomiciliar space, in this period more and less rainy. The conclusion is that the city is in Very High Risk classification, 4th, the parameter of the Ministry of Health has competent vectors for transmission of Leishmania infection with high power as Lu. Raviscutellata, Lu. Longipalpis and Lu. Whitmani. The Surveillance, despite having a good cure rate and parasitological confirmation, still has 32.4% of the lack of information regarding the System prognosis