Aplicação de conectores metálicos para tabuleiros mistos de pontes de madeira e concreto para estradas vicinais

Abstract

Some studies have shown that the joint use of concrete and wood for composite structures is a viable solution for rural roads, showing a satisfactory performance with good durability, may become viable for roads in the Amazonas State. In fact the need of utilization of bridges with small and medium spans is very large and many times the nonexistence of this kind of bridge can affect the development of a municipality. In addition, the poor conservation of theses bridges can bring discomfort and risk to the users. The composite system presents a good structural performance, is an economic system when compared with others alternatives of construction as steel and concrete, and offers good durability. However, the efficiency of this structural system should be ensured by means of a link on the interface of the materials. On the other hand, the bridges are exposed to severe conditions of weather and load requiring careful studies to evaluate with more accuracy the mechanisms of connections between the concrete and wood, as well as the behavior of the composite structure during its useful life. In this work a survey about the constructive systems of the bridges used in the city of Manaus-AM was conducted. It was also evaluated the type of wood used in the construction of these bridges, and it was verified that there is poor utilization of the timber in bridges yet. After that, shear tests in composite specimens of wood and concrete with connection system of the type X , formed by screws of type CS100900, were carried out. Bending tests on composite beams with cross section T with the same connection system also were carried out. The experimental results from the bending tests were compared with the results obtained by analytical model of Mohler, which is presented in Eurocode 5/1993 standard and these showed a good agreement to service loads. Therefore, the composite system of wood and concrete with metallic connection is an alternative for the bridges of wood used in rural areas of Brazil and mainly in Manaus city where there is a huge need by use of this composite system.