Políticas públicas e atendimento educacional: o papel da Casa da Mamãe Margarida junto a crianças e adolescentes em situação de acolhimento e vulnerabilidade social

Abstract

The study presented here aimed to identify the role of Social Work House Mamma Margaret in the context of child care policies and adolescents in situations of care and social vulnerability, identifying this scenario the educational process developed by it. The specific objectives sought to contextualize the Brazilian reality, the care of children and adolescents in situations of vulnerability and social risk, presenting policies that characterized the service models throughout the history of the country; Home characterize the policy in the city of Manaus, highlighting the role of Social Work House Mamma Margaret; Characterize the educational service of the charity Casa Mamma Margherita with children and adolescents in situations of care and social vulnerability, highlighting elements of teacher practice. It is a qualitative study with methodological support of critical dialectics. We used the bibliographical and documentary research, searching in books, articles, theses, dissertations, documents, normative among others, information related to the theme. Followed by entering in the search field, itself. To collect data we use free observations record in a diary, questionnaire and semi-structured interview. Referring to information on the Home Policy, we turn to the Municipal Council for the Rights of Children and Adolescents (CMCDCA), the Coordinator of Children and Youth (COIJ) and Institutional Home Units registered in the city of Manaus. We dialogue with representatives of these sectors, namely seven people, since in three of the host units we were unable to contact. Next to these we applied a questionnaire with open questions regarding the reality under study. Data on Casa Mamma Margaret were obtained by inserting the institution, which has allowed us to observe the relationships in space, conducting dialogues with employees and interview semi-structured in nine subjects, namely: a manager, a pedagogical coordinator, five teachers, an art educator and a social worker. The data were interpreted through content analysis technique by which we prepared the information, we choose the units of analysis, we raise the categories of analysis, we describe the results, interpreting them in the light of the relevant theoretical concepts, among which we highlight the historical-cultural approach with which we dialogue around the notions of mediation and activity. And Freire conception whose support revolved around the concept of autonomy, dialogical and elements for discussion of emancipatory bases focused on transformation and social inclusion of subjects in evidence. In this space we mention the propositions of social pedagogy with which we deem appropriate, the approach of educational work in the House. The main authors used as reference and support during the discussions were: Alves (2000), Marcilio (2006), Baptist (2006), Rizzini (2011) and Guedes (2013), 12 which present a historical overview of assistance and policies aimed at care of children and adolescents in the Brazilian context; Machete (2008) and Silva (2010) whose studies have pointed out the information about the Preventive pedagogy of Don Bosco, which is guiding the base of the searched context; Cherry (2006), Santos (2008) and Silva (2013), conducted studies on the CMM and provide information about the work, its processes and relationships. Emerging research results led us to consider that the Home Policy in Manaus, is realized through residential care, shelter mode over to foster care. That most of the registered institutions, eight out of nine, are non-governmental nature (philanthropic), except for the Institutional Home service for children and adolescents tailored protetiva- SAICA, in the sphere of municipal government. The House Mamma Margaret, and Institutional Host institution has education in an open environment, signing with the difficult task of providing an education, which points to the emancipation / social transformation of girls in vulnerable situations and social risk, through educational assistance integral, which combines formal and non-formal education. The limits / challenges mentioned relate to elements of educational work and pedagogical practice in the educational process (classroom), and the articulation between the actors involved directly in this dynamic, namely teachers and art educators, whose shortening distances before the planning process, development activities, issues of election in interdisciplinary perspective can result in better outcomes compared to girls learning in the teaching process in the House. Despite these elements for which we judge a watchful eye, we situate the space as an important ally in the development of the subjects who attend. We emphasize that despite the lack of coordinated public policies, and even spaces at the government for public service highlighted, it carries significant role in Manauense scenario, whose results are presented in the reality of girls / women, who now find themselves socially included.