Acidente Vascular Cerebral e famílias: a abordagem da enfermagem na perspectiva do modelo calgary de avaliação da família

Abstract

The Cerebral Vascular Accident (CVA) is one of the death causes in Brazil. Individuals who survive CVA may remain with some degree of injury become dependent on their family to perform some sort of activity of daily living. This study aimed to investigate at home the experience of families living with a stroke sequel person. It is an exploratory and descriptive study with a qualitative approach, conducted by Calgary Family Assessment Model (CAFM). The instruments used were semi-structured interview, the genogram, the ecomap and direct observation. The research subjects were five families who lived with one of their stroke sequel relative, residents in the area covered by a Basic Health Unit in Manaus city. Data collection was conducted from January to February 2012, after approval by the Ethics Committee of the Universidade Federal do Amazonas. The families were evaluated in three thematic categories of CAFM: structural, assessment development and functional evaluation. In structural evaluation, we found that among the sequel people (59 to 85 years), two had total dependence on family and three had partial dependence. In families, all with more than five members, the care provided was led by women. The dependence of being on the family extrapolated the limits of the internal structure, having need for a social support network, consisting of the extended family, social groups and institutions. In assessing the development, only one family was experiencing the last phase of their life cycle. The other lived more than one life cycle with overlapping tasks. In the functional assessment, the families performed daily activities both technical care like medication, tracheal suction and curative in pressure ulcers, as home care such as food, personal care (bathing), dressing, cleaning and organizing clothes and utensils, and others. This study allowed us to understand the experience of families dealing with a stroke sequel relative contributing to better understanding by the nursing staff of the role of the family in suffering situations due to a chronic disabling