Política de assistência estudantil: o acesso e a permanência dos estudantes cotistas ao ensino superior no IFAM-CMC

Abstract

Faced with the need to create actions that promote equal access and permanence of students, mainly evidenced in the period of democratization of Brazilian public higher education, the National Program of Student Assistance was implemented, together with the Quota Policy in IFES as affirmative action policies. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the impact of the Institutional Policy of Student Assistance on the academic trajectory of the quota students of ifam/cmc. Therefore, the programs and actions of the IFAM Student Assistance Policy were identified aimed at the access and permanence of students in IFES, the profile of the quota students assisted by the Ifam/CMC Socio-Assistance Program and finally analyzed the meanings and impacts of the IFAM/CMC Student Assistance Policy as to access and permanence in public higher education, from the perspective of social workers. The universe of research was constituted of the quota students of undergraduate courses graduated from IFAM-CMC in 2017. The stratified sampling model was used to define the research sample in order to establish the potential and actual subjects of the research. The methodological approach used was quantitative and qualitative based on documentary and field data. The semi-structured directed interview with open and closed questions was used to collect the primary data of the research. Secondary data were collected through reports made available by the Social Service sector. From the data analyzed, it was possible to reach the following results: regarding the actions and programs implemented, it was verified the offer of two main Programs, the Intergrais and the Student Socio-assistance. The first consists of health care programs, psychological, pedagogical support, culture support, sport and leisure, digital inclusion, support for students with disabilities, global development disorders and high skills and gifted and academic support and monitoring. The second is integrated by food, transportation, teaching materials, daycare and housing benefits. Regarding the profile of the quota students, it was found that among the 83 who were enrolled in 2013, the vast majority came from public schools and entered via the IFAM selection process and, 48% had per capita family income up to a minimum wage and a half. Of the total number of quota students, only 49 were users of the Student Social Assistance Program between 2013 and 2017. Among these, 3 declared indians, 20 browns, 1 white and 26 did not have this information registered in the forms. It was also found that of the 49 students, 29 had per capita family income of R$100.00 to R$300.00. More than 50% of the students did not have information about working conditions registered in the forms and among the other 14 did not work, 7 unemployed and 2 worked, as the housing situation of the students, most of them lived in the East Zone of Manaus. Finally, it was verified in the speech of social workers that in the process of implementation, operationalization and management of PAES/IFAM one of the biggest challenges is interdisciplinary work. It is also evident the need to create a system for the dissemination of actions and programs of Student Assistance implemented on campus, in order to promote the visibility of the policy among students and thus can have access to social assistance benefits. From the data analyzed, it was possible to highlight the importance of PAES/IFAM and the Quota Policy for Brazilian public higher education, particularly in ifam, regarding the reduction of social, economic, cultural and racial inequalities that permeate the reality of Amazonian education, from the guarantee of democratic conditions of access, permanence and integral development of students.