Wará: ensaios sobre as interferências do comércio justo na formação política das lideranças Sateré-Mawé

Abstract

The economic and cultural base of the Sateré-Mawé is linked to the guaraná culture, whether in its food or ritual use. However, more than an expression of this ethnicity, this fruit was metamorphosed into a brand of great commercial value of drinks and energy around the world, whose rapid popularization took place through the world commercial advertising channels articulated by Fair Trade and the Slow Food movement, which in theory proposes to promote self-sustaining forms, better conditions for exchanges, creation of alternative markets and the recognition of political guarantees related to the cultural characteristics of the collecting groups of the Southern Hemisphere. gives through multiple forms of organization, which includes export agents, commercial importers and a network with about 4,500 stores. However, in this research, we assume from the hypothesis that the mercantile relationship between the Sateré- Mawé and the Fair Trade agencies produced interferences in the political and economic organization of these. The object of the thesis is the interferences of this relation in the formation of the current leaders, in their sources of legitimation, marked in differentiated characteristics stimulated in the segmented participation in the global commerce. The central objective is to map the interference of fair trade in the Sateré-Mawé political and social organization. Its specific objectives are: 1) Inquire the foundations of the speeches and sources of legitimacy of the Project Waraná; 2) Explain the fundamentals of aggregate symbolic value in the form of consumption criteria or protocols for slow food as a consumer brand [green consumer]; 3) To present the effects of the Sateré-Mawé Integrated Development Project; 4) To study the political tensions between the Sateré-Mawé; 5) To problematize contradictions and ambiguities contained in the space of these exchanges of global scope. The method is ethnographic based on hermeneutics and has as its empirical field the definitions of four scenarios involving political struggles. Scenarios are developed and combined in essays that include the themes of autonomy and political recognition in the global trading circuit. Regarding the central hypothesis, we observe that alongside the authority of the Tuxauas, marked by actions of traditional bases or values, another model of leadership was instituted, whose legitimacy is not exclusively in the capacity to politically organize and lead the internal society, constituted by dynamics group of the most diverse. The concept of production is established as a priority category that divides the Mawé society between agroforestry producers and other groups. Such producers distinguish themselves by doing business with other global players. This relationship includes rearticulations between the local and the global, in addition to shared tensions within the field of struggle with transnational dimensions. Although with its own welldefined projects of political and economic emancipation, the autonomy project is still under construction.