O direito à segurança alimentar e nutricional na Política de Assistência Social: particularidades do estado do Amazonas

Abstract

The discussion about food over the last decades has gained great prominence, as it relates economic stability and maintenance to the improvement of the population's well-being. However, in parallel and due to the economic, social and political conjuncture itself, in the global and national scenario there has been an era marked by the degradation of the environment, as well as the presence of an extremely exclusionary economic process, becoming an aggravation of the situation of poverty and misery in different parts of the country. This aspect is extended to the discussion of the theme of Food and Nutrition Security and is linked in an articulated way to the perspective of Social Assistance, thought from the National Social Assistance Policy - PNAS. In this sense, the general objective of this paper is to analyze the advances and setbacks in the National Policy for Food and Nutrition Security (PNSAN), its implications for the National Social Assistance Policy and its repercussions in the State of Amazonas. To achieve this central idea, the specific objectives are: To characterize the trajectory of Food and Nutrition Security in Brazil between 2010 and 2022; analyze Food and Nutrition Security in Social Assistance Policy, through income transfer programs; reflect on the materialization of the PNSAN in the scope of Social Assistance, considering the actions to promote food in the state of Amazonas. To support the interpretative content, this study chose the following analytical categories: Food and Nutrition Security; Social Assistance and Poverty. For this study, a qualitative approach based on historical-dialectical materialism was used. As a result, a return of Brazil to the hunger map was observed, indicating a worsening of the situation of poverty and misery in several regions of the country, highlighting in this study the state of Amazonas. This scenario in Amazonas is related to the economic, social and political situation, as well as the degradation of the environment, factors that exacerbate food and nutritional insecurity, especially affecting vulnerable populations, such as indigenous people, quilombolas and riverside dwellers.