Interação genótipo x ambiente de componentes agronômicos e físico-químicos de feijão-macuco (Pachyrhizus spp.) em terra firme e várzea na região metropolitana de Manaus-AM

Abstract

Yam bean (Pachyrhizus spp.) is a species that produces edible tuberous roots and toxic seeds, and is native to the Amazon region. Its improvement has not yet been realized, being necessary to evaluate the productive potential and to select genotypes of diverse interests. The objective of this work was to test the agronomic performance and to verify the adaptability and stability of yam bean of the INPA germplasm bank in terra firme and floodplain, with a complete randomized block design with 64 genotypes, three replicates and eight plants per plot. At the time of harvest the productivity and number of tuberous roots per plant were evaluated. The results show that only the productivity of the tuberous roots is influenced by the interaction GxE. The Decomposition of the Sum of Squares of the Genotype x Environment Interaction and the Biplot showed the genotypes adapted to the environments of terra firme or várzea, as well as, identified those more stable. The characteristic number of roots per plant showed the P52 most adapted to terra firma, the P2 best adapted to várzea, and P45 the most stable and therefore more adapted to both environments. The characteristic productivity of roots t/ha1 showed P13, P27, P64, P7, and P50 more adapted to terra firma and with better means. The P35 was the most adapted to the floodplain environment. The most stable were P22, P38 and P49. This indicates that the yam bean improvement in the lowland and terra firme region of the Brazilian Amazon region may succeed to increase the productivity of the evaluated characters.