Pescadores artesanais de Novo Airão: dos conflitos socioambientais aos direitos da Seguridade Social

Abstract

Rural workers, including artisanal fishermen, were included in Social Security as special insured persons as of the 1988 Constitution. Thus, the rural worker was granted access to the following social security rights: retirement by age, disability, Sickness benefit, maternity wages, accident aid, death pension and confinement. However, in the Amazon, artisanal sinners find it very difficult to access the rights they are entitled to as rural workers. In this sense, the present study aims to analyze the conditions of access of artisanal fishers to Social Security in the municipality of Novo Airão-AM. It was sought to verify the social security coverage to these fishermen; Identify the main difficulties of access to social security rights; And, describe the main changes in Social Security for the artisanal fisherman. The present study proposes a descriptive exploratory analysis of the object to be investigated. This is a qualitative research that was used from a bibliographical source, a documentary, semi-structured interviews, direct observation, photographic and phonoaudiographic record. With the accomplishment of the research it was observed that the work in the fishing in Novo Airão is surrounded by socioenvironmental conflicts involving the access to the natural resources. In addition, the artisanal fisherman of Novo Airão does not have infrastructure for the processing and marketing of fishery products, in many cases, fishery products are sold to the fishermen for a very low cost, causing damage to fishermen. As regards access to social security rights, it was found that fishermen face numerous difficulties in requesting such rights, mainly due to: the absence of INSS agencies in the municipality, the lack of personal and professional documentation of fishermen, and especially the lack of information On the rights to which he is entitled as a special insured.