Urbanização amazônica via bioindústrias: o caso da metrópole Manaus e de cidades da calha do Solimões-Amazonas (Coari/AM e Parintins/AM)

Abstract

This work deals with the urbanization process influenced by the emergence of bioindustries in cities in the urban network of Amazonas, in particular the metropolis Manaus and the cities of greater economic relevance in the Solimões-Amazonas, namely: Coari and Parintins. Considering that the Amazon is a region that is becoming urbanized, it is slightly common for urbanization to be associated with classic industrialization and an intense process of environmental degradation. However, the presence of bioindustries brings not only a new economic alternative for the State of Amazonas, but also an urbanization based on sustainability. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the influence that bioindustries bring to the urbanization process in Amazonas through the Fourth Industrial Revolution. This work is divided into four parts: 1- historical survey of the urban network of Amazonas and the development of concepts such as city, urban and urbanization; 2- conceptual survey of sustainability ideas, historical survey of biotechnology in the Amazon and bioindustries in the region; 3- identification of bioindustries and their influence on the urbanization and urban network of the cities of Coari (Solimões River) and Parintins (Amazonas River); 4- identification of bioindustries and their influence on the urbanization and urban network of the metropolis Manaus. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, part of the field activities were compromised, but the information and data were duly collected together with the competent bodies, as well as the bibliographic survey that corroborates the information contained in this work. The bioindustries that were identified in these urban centers revealed that the process of urbanization and expansion of the urban network does not need to go through the same environmental degradation observed in other places on the planet, but that it is possible to combine sustainability, knowledge of traditional peoples and biotechnological knowledge to bring development to a region as rich as the Amazon.