A operacionalização da assistência social: uma análise a partir da gestão do Sistema Único de Assistência Social - SUAS no município de Manaus-AM

Abstract

The operationalization of social assistance through a public system, decentralized and participatory, called Unified Social Assistance System-SUAS is a new and under construction in the country. The correlations of social and political forces, however, impose limits on SUAS, handicapping, sometimes the guarantee of social assistance as their legal and institutional framework. On the one hand, witness the advances in instruments that regulate the management of social care in SUAS logic, and secondly, there is the persistence of regressive ways of operationalizing this policy. Given this scenario, this study undertakes an analysis of the process of operationalization of social welfare at the level of basic social protection, from the viewpoint of the SUAS management in Manaus/AM, through a characterization of viable mode of structural axes of management of this system by the Municipal Social Welfare and Human Rights-SEMASDH, as well as the identification of the form of organization implemented by the Secretariat for the guaranteed services socioassistenciais of basic social protection and also an analysis on access to these socioassistenciais services from the perspective of users of public policy analysis. Therefore, this study was guided by the study of the following categories: social security, social assistance and social assistance system only. With this design theory, the intention was to seize sociohistorical elements that determine the shape of welfare as social protection policy and demarcate the ways traditionally social assistance was operationalized to distinguish the shape of the SUAS for this policy. This is an exploratory study about their goals and qualitative in nature and how to approach the data, which were seized from the completion of a literature, documentary and field, held in Manaus, under SEMASDH of covering the Municipal Fund of Social Assistance and FMAS-four (04) Reference Centers for Social Assistance-CRAS, and the scene of the Municipal Council of Welfare-CMAS. To forward this investigative process, semi-structured interviews were held with the Secretary of SEMASDH and Coordinators CRAS selected were applied forms with open and closed questions with the Division Chief of FMAS, with teams of professionals Reference CRAS, Councillor Holder with CMAS and service users socioassistenciais. From this perspective approach, the study contributed to a reflection on the operationalization of social welfare policy in the city, revealing a weakness in the structure of the SUAS in the city, the diffuse mode and distanced itself from the legal and normative precepts advocated in PNAS/2004 and NOB-SUAS/2005 where SEMASDH enables the axes of organizational management system; addition of incompleteness which marks the form of organization of services socioassistenciais limiting the duties of social assistance in the exercise of social surveillance, social protection and guarantee of socioassistenciais rights and, by extension, came the possibility that these services are at SUAS universalized and guaranteed quality and fairness for families that demand, resulting in poor efficiency of the guarantee of social welfare policy as Social Security.