Correção o de PCR em processadores de fluxos de transporte MPEG-2

Abstract

Currently, the MPEG-2 transport stream is widely used as multiplexing system for sending audio, video, and data, in digital television networks. The transmitted infor- mation is divided into xed-length pa kets, whi h are multiplexed in time and then sent to the re eiver. In order to ensure the orre t presentation of data related to a given program (e.g., audio and video), the transport stream an provide time bases, whi h are used for syn hronizing the re eption system. However, that information, whi h is known as Program Clo k Referen e (PCR) and is also periodi ally embedded in the multiplexed data stream, may su er from ina ura ies, due to the pro essing hain between transmitter and re eiver, whi h an be per eived in the form of jitter. In order to prevent that errors aused by the transport stream pro essing hain, whi h ompromises the proper presentation of the transmitted information, PCR orre tion methods are normally employed. This work presents a review of the PCR orre - tion methods ommonly used in the literature and introdu es two new ontributions. The rst one onsists of a shared a ess stru ture for the orre tion blo k, whi h has the potential to provide a redu ed omputational omplexity (in terms of arithmeti operations) and hardware requirements, when used with traditional PCR orre tion methods. The se ond one devises an intelligent method for PCR orre tion, whose main feature lies on the redu tion of the jitter aused by the orre tion pro ess. Its ar hite ture is based on the ooperative operation of the main modules involved in this pro ess: the rate adapter and the PCR orre tor. In spite of presenting a higher om- plexity, its superior performan e favors the syn hronization pro ess, performed by the re eiver, whi h makes it suitable for pre ise time-bases demanding systems. The pro- posed methodologies are ombined, whi h provides a omplete and e ient framework for pro essing MPEG-2 transport streams.