A politica educacional da educação infantil na base nacional comum curricular sob a ótica filosófica de Antonio Gramsci

Abstract

Translation to English: The research entitled "The Educational Policy of Early Childhood Education in the National Common Curricular Base from Antonio Gramsci's Philosophical Perspective" brings an approach to politics and education, with emphasis from two focuses: early childhood education in the BNCC and the Gramscian approach to the studied contents. From Gramsci's perspective, an education model is presented, starting from the early phase, focusing on humanitarian and social formation, understanding that there are rights and duties, and it is the responsibility of the State, through the school, to ensure and motivate concrete actions that lead the child to this understanding. The general objective of this study is to analyze early childhood education in the BNCC from a political-educational perspective in Antonio Gramsci, seeking to understand the elements with hegemonic characteristics of direction and domination. The methodology used for analysis consists of a qualitative nature, aiming at the study of the development of early childhood education. Bibliographic, documentary resources, and semi-structured interviews were used, with the participation of teachers from an early childhood school in the municipality of Humaitá, located in southern Amazonas. This research is structured in structured is 5 (five) sections, divided into: one for introductory elements; the second section on Gramsci's conceptions and considerations regarding education; the third section dedicated to the research methodology; the fourth section dedicated to early childhood education in the BNCC through the lens of Gramsci, incorporating the data analysis carried out through the research, the fifth for the conclusive elements. In this last section, the collected data on the content from the interviewed teachers about early childhood education in the researched school in the municipality of Humaitá are analyzed. Based on the interviews and focusing on the educational policy of early childhood education in the BNCC from a Gramscian perspective, the main categories of this study are presented as follows: teacher training in the municipal context of Humaitá, AM; quality of early childhood education based on interviews, teachers, and their practices from Gramsci's perspective; learning rights in the BNCC and the opinion of the interviewed teachers. Through data collection and analysis, the objectives proposed by the research in the development of the dissertation were sought to be achieved.