Avaliação do potencial de acinetobacter junii SB132 na degradação de hidrocarbonetos do diesel

Abstract

Industrial exploitation of petroleum as well as the use of its derivatives has been growing due to its importance for society. Petroleum is a complex mixture of several organic compounds, mainly hydrocarbons compounds. The occurrence of contamination of the environment with these components is worrisome because in addition to its difficult degradation, oil requires many stages of processing, from its extraction, transportation, refining to the storage of the derivatives, dramatically increasing its exposure to the environment. An alternative to hydrocarbons degradation is the use of bacteria, by process called biodegradation, that depends ecosystem conditions and the local environment. Thus, bioremediation is a treatment process that uses microorganisms that degrade and transform existing organic pollutants in less complex and generally more easily degradable compounds, which can even reach mineralization. In this study we used the Acinetobacter junii SB132 bacterium previously isolated from aquatic macrophytes of Rio Negro near the city of Manaus (AM). Its hydrocarbon degradation capacity was tested in presence of diesel oil as the only carbon and energy source. In this work, the results obtained by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) showed that the alkanes of the diesel oil were degraded on average 58% by A. junii SB132 at 30 °C after 4 days of culture. The individual alkanes of diesel oil were degraded between 60 % -87 %. Proteomic study revealed proteins and metabolic pathway of A. junii SB132 involved in the degradation of hydrocarbons, specially alkanes. This study suggests that this degrading bacterial lineage of hydrocarbons has a great potential for bioremediation of the environment contaminated by diesel.