O uso de geotecnologia no estudo multitemporal das mudanças ambientais no entorno da hidrelétrica de Santo Antonio no Rio Madeira (RO)

Abstract

The national energetic question has been a frequent schedule on headlines as for the final consumer cost, or for the cost of the environment. As it is approached to Santo Antonio´s hydropower, situated in the Rio Madeira, 7 km from Porto Velho, as the main factor of this dissertation it is intended to discuss the main brazilian energy matrix, its impacts in the landscapes and society around it. To instrumentalize this search, it has used the geoprocess as the initial data source and to analyse the effected environment by the hydropower enterprise. Having the data provided by the official departments, such as IBGE, INPE, ICMBIO and others, we traced a temporal space profile of usage and occupation on earth in the direct influence area at hydroelectric power plant (UHE) Santo Antonio. Then, we have elaborated thematic maps, tables and graphics which provided an indicative of evolution in the deforestation over the directed influenced area of the power plant, as the use given on earth in this period highlighted in this search specifically: from 2000 to 2012. As results of this search, it has observed a tendency of deforestation in the opposite senseof what has been expected, that is, it was noticed a decrease in the tax of deforestation in the area studied. This decrease represents about 20% of the deforestation in the beginning of the time which has reached 295 km² in 2000 to 60 km² in 2012. Most part of this area was destined for creating pasture, especially to the cattle. UHE Santo Antonio blunts as one of the main factors to stop the advance of deforestation in the area with its programs to recovery of degraded area and awareness of population around UHE.