AJURI: O saber tradicional dos agricultores familiares no contexto amazônico

Abstract

The process of appropriation and territorial management by the inhabitants of the Amazonian hinterland, consisting of different social actors, different families, diverse children of the forest, in community groups, who work the management and use of the land, whose teachings, stories, advice valorous, passed on from generation to generation, in the symbolic world, according to their customs and knowledge produced by themselves and by the exchange of knowledge preserved in the biocultural memory, in relation to the preservation, conservation and valorization of forms of organization, work, society and culture. The objective of this work was to inquire the contributions of the collective work called ajuri in the socio-cultural formation of family farmers in the communities of official (rural) settlement and spontaneous occupations of the Manaus Metropolitan Region - RMM. The contributions of the ajuri formation process as a practice of solidarity and sociability in the communities of family farmers, the influence of cultural values and the importance of the ajuri in the social, cultural and environmental issues related to agricultural production are highlighted. The research method was structured in an analysis of two methodologies. The first based on the historical and current bibliographic reference, the ethnographic action research with qualitative and quantitative approach and the second anchored in the fundamentals of the Collective Subject Discourse - DSC, having as participants subjects, groups of family farmers in the community who practice collective work in a regime ajuri, who sell their products directly at RMM fairs. The first chapter, “The Conquest of the Amazonian Hinterland”, addresses the historical process of territorial occupation, exploitation of indigenous labor and the biodiversity of forest and native agriculture. The second chapter, “Family Farming Production Systems in the Amazonian Context”, describes the different agroecosystems of family farms, what they produce, how they produce, and the destination of production. The third chapter, “The Collective Work in Ajuri in the RMF UAFs”, deals with the epistemology of social and solidarity collective work in the ajuri regime, the process of training of ajuri in family farms in the Manaus Metropolitan Region, as well as, their influence on social, cultural and environmental issues. The final considerations contextualize the civilizing social and cultural historical process, the conquest of the territory of the Amazonian hinterland, the exploration of man with nature and man with man and the appropriation of knowledge preserved in biocultural memory, in relation to social values. and cultural and in the forms of organization of the collective social work in ajuri regime, as well as the relationship of these values, with the issue of production and consumption, ensuring sovereignty and food security, within the scope of sustainable rural development.