A variabilidade da chuva na Amazônia Central: El Niño e La Niña

Abstract

Rainfall is considered a discrete variable, as it can occur in an area in small or large volume, and does not occur in the vicinity. The number of observations of atmospheric variables is still very low in the Amazon region, with large information gaps. The present study aims to study the precipitation variability in the Central Region of Amazonas, identifying if its impacts in the region are greater in the periods of El Niño or La Niña events. the methodology of the research will be used the estimated rainfall data obtained with the Tropical Rainfall Mensuring Mission (TRMM) satellite that has a spatial resolution of approximately 27 km and data observed in the conventional surface meteorological station located in the city of Tefé, a series of the data from 1998 to 2016. The estimated and observed data show a good correlation, observing the annual variability of the ITCZ and rainfall in the region. The data spatialization was able to reproduce the signature of the monthly and annual rainfall variability in the Central Region of Amazonas, and in years of ENSO, we observed results different from those found in the classic studies that expected precipitation deficit in El Niño and excess precipitation in the It has been years since the local precipitation was negative and the region was impacted by the positive precipitation that occurred upstream of the study region, causing social impacts on people's lives.