Memórias, cotidianos e histórias: retalhos de identidades de mulheres negras em construção

Abstract

Research in Psychology involving black women has been minimal in the face of racial, ethnic, social and economic diversity in the Brazilian context, especially when we observe the historical participation of Psychology as protagonist and accomplice of hegemonic productions, strengthening the reproduction of conjunctions of oppression. Against this background and adding the way the black woman is evidenced in the historical context of the country, it shows that the conjunctures of patriarchal racism have been updated in each historical period. With the theoretical contribution of Critical Social Psychology, Intersectionality and Liberation Psychology, the present study intends to know the identity processes of black women in three generations, through a rescue of the historical memory and an analysis of the records, having as an axis the de-ideologization of common sense and the potentialization of the virtues. The study includes 11 participants, ranging in age from 17 to 60. The instruments used to collect the data consisted of autobiographical diaries, focus groups and interviews. The data were analyzed through Grounded Theory, which allowed us to see, through the contrasted hypotheses, the nuances of identity of each participant, helping in the construction of an integrating hypothesis encompassing the universal, the singular and particular about its processes. The results indicate that the experience of black women is associated in the demarcation of their racial characteristics (phenotypes) and that these and their subjectivities are 'targets' of racial prejudice. However, the strategies of resistance are presented as a release from the imposition of the place of a black woman, or as an emancipatory power in the positivation of blackness. It is expected that the study will contribute to the expansion of the dialogue about the identity processes of black women, implying the social dynamics and historical processes in the subjective constitution, aiming to favor the disruption of the mechanisms of racial and gender violence that affect their subjectivities.