Controle de qualidade físico-químico e efeito cicatrizante de uma pomada orabase de extrato libidibia ferrea l. Para tratamento de úlceras da cavidade bucal.

Abstract

Recurrent and traumatic aphthous ulcers are a common pathology in dentistry, but the treatments instituted do not always reach the expected success. Within the herbal medicine, Libidibia ferrea L., known as jucá or pau-ferro, is widely used because it presents healing, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antimicrobial therapeutic properties. The objective of this study was to perform the physical-chemical quality control and to evaluate the cicatricial effect of a 2% Libidibia ferrea L. orabase ointment on oral ulcers induced in rats. In study 1, the centrifugation, pH, density, rheological behavior and microbiological control tests were carried out by determination of contaminants/pathogens, organoleptic characteristics and phytochemical profile analysis in HPLC under three storage conditions in the experimental periods of 0, 30 and 60 days. In study 2, the healing action of the ointment was evaluated in ulcers induced in the oral mucosa of rats, in which the animals were divided into 3 groups: positive control (treatment with triamcinolone acetonide ointment), orabase control (treated only with orabase) and test group (using 2% L. ferrea L. ointment) and evaluated on days 1, 5 and 10 days post ulcerative induction. In the centrifugation test, 1- phase separation was observed in all storage environments and times tested; in the pH test, the formulation remained stable (pH 6.01 to 6.67); for evaluation of the rheological behavior they remained constant; in the evaluation of contaminants there was no growth in all tested conditions. The samples showed light brownish hue (Tâmara), strong and aromatic odor, with presence of brightness and smooth consistency, absent of granulations under the tested conditions. Regarding the diameter of the ulcers, the positive control group showed no significant difference among the times tested (p = 0.994). In the intergroup comparison, in the analysis of day 5, the diameters of the ulcers of the Jucá group were significantly lower in comparison to the other groups (p = 0.005). As for the histological pattern, only on day 10 there were significant differences (p = 0.002), with the test group (score 0) orabase (score 1) and positive (score 3). Regarding the weight of the animals, all groups increased or maintained their weight at the end of the ten day experiment period. It can be concluded that three major compounds of the solution analyzed are gallic acid, ellagic acid and rutin. The tested formulation presented physical-chemical stability at all times and storage conditions, with no alteration of color, odor and consistency, high viscosity and absence of bacterial/fungal contaminants. As well, there was a significant reduction of ulcers treated with ointment orabase of L. ferrea L. to 2% when compared to the other groups, proving the cicatricial activity of the phytotherapeutic formulation proposed when used for the treatment of oral ulcers.