Produção e validação de tecnologia educacional para familiares de crianças com leucemia linfocítica aguda em isolamento protetor

Abstract

The aim of this study was to produce and validate a booklet-type educational technology on the care needed for children with acute lymphocytic leukemia in protective isolation, aimed at family members who accompany and assist these children. It is a research of mixed nature, carried out between the months of January and August, in a reference hospital for blood diseases in the city of Manaus -AM. The study was approved by the Ethics and Research Committee of the Federal University of Amazonas (under number of CAAE: 51299815.5.3001.0009) and included three stages: the contextualization of the content studied, which included the literature review and the exploratory research with the relatives; In the second, the development of educational technology occurred, and in the third, the methodological research of validation of this instrument. Twenty-two people participated in the study, of whom 11 were family members (10 mothers and 1 father) who accompanied their children during the treatment period through semi-structured interviews, in order to seek the public's knowledge about the context; And 11 expert judges in the areas related to the theme and other areas related to the process of validation of the instrument produced by means of a questionnaire with Likert scale in 4 degrees, in order to determine the level of consensus. During the period (qualitative) of the interviews with family members, they opted for educational technology in the booklet format and reported what they know / do not know / want to know about child care in protective isolation, providing subsidies for content selection. As for the validation of the booklet, the opinions of the judges presented the following results (quantitative phase): block 1 -objectives with a percentage of 85.45%; Block 2 -structure and presentation with 74.23%, block 3 -relevance with 90.90% percentage, and general consensus index of 80.58% in the first evaluation. From the results achieved, the second round with experienced judges from the applicability of the Delphi Technique, in which a validation index with a percentage of 93.39% was obtained. Considering statistically valid the educational technology produced. Judges' suggestions include: increasing the sources of texts, altering the sequence of topics, reformulating the title for greater accessibility, more colors and expressiveness in some illustrations, and including a glossary of technical terms. The family members who participated in the study stated that the guidelines on the care needed for children in protective isolation are important since children newly diagnosed with leukemia have parents with limited knowledge about the subject, which makes essential the disseminationof knowledge from the Construction of educational tools. Through the analyzes carried out, the importance of developing new technologies to mediate educational practices with patients, caregivers, family members and health professionals is reinforced, so that an adequate way of transmitting knowledge and guidelines is That each audience appropriates a highly reliable material.