“Povo de terreiro” de um Centro de Umbanda em Manaus: estudo de hermenêutica jurídica e antropológica referente à aplicabilidade da Convenção n.° 169 da Organização Internacional do Trabalho

Abstract

This paper demonstrates how some religious Africans are organizing themselves to support themselves, how these followers of African religions understand work, income generation, using their knowledge and practices through the production of ornamental and medicinal plants. To this end, we worked with the Nossa Senhora da Conceição do Zumbi Association, and the Terreiro de Umbanda that bears the same name, both located in the neighborhood of Zumbi dos Palmares, in the city of Manaus. Identifying anthropological elements that discuss, question and legitimize such peoples and communities, to invoke the normative precept of International Labor Organization (ILO) Resolution No. 169 of 1989, with its knowledge, culture, identities, provoking reflections on the structure of the State and respect for rights and fundamental guarantees. The public policies aimed at Traditional Peoples and Communities are recent, and had as a landmark the aforementioned Resolution, which was ratified in 2002 by the Brazilian State, which deals with the rights of indigenous and tribal peoples in the world. State leniency and inaction were noted, and even though it was received by Brazil, referred to Resolution, it was not and is not applied, on the contrary. Through this, other legal contributions were sought to try to envision some support for these peoples and communities, using the hermeneutic interpretation of Decree Law No. 6040/2007, which deals with Traditional Peoples and Communities. In this context, the expressions of collective memory were observed, with the use of shared spaces such as Terreiro de Umbanda, the presumption of ancestry, religious syncretism, among others. The methodology used was anchored in the bibliographic review, establishing a dialogue with the researched authors, as well as contribution to ethnographic research with them.